“Computer-aided instruction” (CAI) refers to instruction or remediation presented on a computer. Examples of CAI applications include guided drill and practice exercises, computer visualization of complex objects, and computer-facilitated communication between students and teachers.
CAI improves instruction for students with disabilities because students receive immediate feedback and do not continue to practice the wrong skills. Many computer programs can move through instruction at the student’s pace and keep track of the student’s errors and progress. Computers capture the students’ attention because the programs are interactive and engage the students’ spirit of competitiveness to increase their scores. Also, computer-assisted instruction moves at the students’ pace and usually does not move ahead until they have mastered the skill. Programs provide differentiated lessons to challenge students who are at risk, average, or gifted.
Computer-aided instruction packages are effective for many reasons. One of the most important reasons is that students like learning in the environment that the computer has to offer. CAI packages of today are much more user-friendly and entertaining than their predecessors. Students can now work at their own pace regardless of the level at which they are supposed to be. This promotes self-confidence because it gives the student a feeling of control over what they are learning. These packages are also effective because they deal with more practical examples than those in any textbook and give students virtually a hands-on experience. Students may be exposed to experiences or simulations that they would not normally encounter.
In some applications, especially those involving abstract reasoning and problem-solving processes, CAI has not been very effective. Critics claim that poorly designed CAI systems can dehumanize or regiment the educational experience and thereby diminish student interest and motivation. Other disadvantages of CAI stem from the difficulty and expense of implementing and maintaining the necessary computer systems. Some student failures can be traced to inadequate teacher training in CAI systems. Student training in the computer technology may be required as well, and this process can distract from the core educational process. Although much effort has been directed at developing CAI systems that are easy to use and incorporate expert knowledge of teaching and learning, such systems are still far from achieving their full potential.
Although CAI has come a long way, there are still areas for improving and in spite all of the challenges facing computer-aided instruction, some companies believe that its benefits outweigh its drawbacks they also believe that one of the first steps in designing an effective CAI program is to do so with these obstacles in mind.
http://www.k8accesscenter.org/training_resources/computeraided_math.asp
http://ug.cs.dal.ca/dispproj/cai.html
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553343/Computer-Aided_Instruction.html